Can't start TOC on Left side of spread

Hi @Andrew Mikelsons:

I know this is frustrating but you are close to getting this to work. Here is my recommendation:

1. Delete any existing TOCs, empty or otherwise.
2. Navigate to the page where you want the TOC to appear. Be sure there is room to add the TOC—which will always be in its own frame, unthreaded from the rest of the content. 
3. Your last screen shot has the title mispelled: Contents or Table of Contents, and you are assigning the paragraph style called TOC Header. Be sure to remove the Keep Options on TOC Header so that it doesn't try to jump to the facing page. 
4. You have InDesign ready to collect all of the Heading 1s and assign them a paragraph style called TOC Level 1. Be sure to remove the Keep Options on TOC Level 1 so that it doesn't try to jump to the facing page.
5. Before you click OK (and after each edit to this dialog box, click on Save Style and update the TOC style (which remembers all of these decisions).

This should type up the TOC, with the title assigned TOC header, and the Heading1s text followed by a right-indent tab and the page number, and assigned TOC Level 1. If things don't look perfect, edit the TOC Header and TOC Level 1 paragraph styles and update the TOC. 

~Barb

As @Eugene Tyson pointed out  - most likely your "TOC Level 1" ParaStyle - you are using to format your TOC - have "start on odd page" applied - directly or indirectly.

Your "Heading 1" ParaStyle - used in the text - have nothing to do with the TOC generation - is just a "source" - unless one of them is BasedOn on the other - and "parent" is set to "start on odd page"?

Have different styles for your toc that don't start on new pages.