InDesign 2024 Extract from Image > Type

I don't know, Mike.

I'm guessing it uses the Website tool available on Adobe Fonts by clicking the camera icon on the search for fonts to upload an image. 

In that regard, I do think it would only search the Adobe Fonts - as it's just a collection of fonts from different foundries. 

I personally use Adobe Fonts rarely as it rarely finds a match.
My Fonts has a better search and find - I have found

And I found this site particularly useful https://en.likefont.com/