I appreciate you providing the information. To investigate this further, could you please verify the specific version of Windows OS you are using? Additionally, try renaming the CEP folder to CEP.old located at C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Adobe and check if the Save dialog appears as expected afterward. If it remains unchanged, please rename the UXP folder to UXP.old from C:\Program Files\Common Files\Adobe and C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\Adobe.
If the problem persists, let me know if you are connected to a VPN or a company domain, and whether the issue occurs only in that environment. You might also consider changing the connection type once and report any changes.
I look forward to your response.
Abhishek