Yes, but it demands exacting matches between your word processing styles and the ones you've developed within InDesign. And to some degree your word processing program may drive what you get anyway.
To test whether this will work for you, I'd suggest a test file with three defined paragraph styles. Forget about character styling; that's probably not going to play as you import your text into InDesign:
- Define your styles within your word processing document, using attributes that make it easy to work within your word processing application.
- Apply those styles to different paragraphs in a sample word processing file. To round out the test, apply bold, italic and/or underline attributes to words after the first word in a paragraph. Try some superscript/subscript attributes too.
- Create a new InDesign document. Immediately create three styles named exactly the same as your word processing document. That means the same capitalization and spacing as you use in your word processing app. Give those styles different text attributes than your word processing styles so you can tell the differences at a glance.
- Place the word processing file and check your handiwork. Make note of whether the character styling you applied in the word processing transferred over into your InDesign document. There are no guarantees: all of it may, though you may also find that only some of it did or none of it did at all.
Wild card: If you used character styling on the first word in your placed story, you may find that the entire paragraph has been set in italics ... or the entire style as it's applied in the story. To put it simply, styling the first paragraph is likely bad juju.
Give this a test and let us know how it worked out for you. You may be pleasantly surprised with the result.
Good luck,
Randy