So, if LrC is not running, if it is closed, why does that lock file exist?

With LrC closed, not running, carefully delete that lock file. That lock file is created when LrC opens a catalog, and it is deleted when LrC properly closes. It is created to prevent opening two instances of a catalog. If LrC crashed, or if you force quit Lrc, then it does not get deleted. Mind you, an error message is supposed to pop up if you attempt opening a LrC catalog with that lock file in existence.
After deleting the lock file, double click on the catalog, as to start LrC (and opening that catalog)
Ref::
https://helpx.adobe.com/lightroom-classic/kb/lightroom-error-catalog-cannot-be-opened-lrcat-lock.html