Way to reproduce the error:
1) Create a new Photoshop document
2) Place a linked raw file into said document and ensure that the colors deviate visibly from the default
3) Create another new Photoshop document
3) Repeat step 2 with the same or another color profile
4) Now switch back to the first Photoshop document and the colors will be reset to default.
The same behavior can be observed for multiple open documents. Given that the raw image is linked and based on the xmp file saved next to it by default, one would expect that if there was any change, it would be an update to the new profile. Sure enough, if one reopens the Camera Raw dialog in any of the open documents, they all update to the current color profile.