My premiere pro project does not open

Thanks for your answer. I have already tried your advice but the problem is the same. I think I found the source of my problem since I saw this case on another forum. I have several audio tracks (10Gb) and I added mixer presets on them and they are too heavy for the computer. By any chance, do you think it's possible to remove its effects without opening the project?

I'm guessing you already tried this but I didn't see it in your original post but have you tried resetting your preferences?  One other thing, which you may have tried but I'm not entirely sure based on your post, is to not just rely on Premiere's "clean media cache" function in settings, but to physically open up the media cache AND the media cache database folders in finder and manually delete all the .ims and .cfa and whatever other files that could in anyway be associated with your project (I usually nuke everything that has a created date after I started the offending project).  The project may be hanging trying to load a corrupt database file.  

If that doesn't work, my next guess is that if you try to open the project without the media present (ie: unmount your media drive), the project may open.  I suspect it's hanging on trying to load a given piece of media.  That may or may not mean the media itself is corrupt, but if you can the project open with the media offline, and then re-mount your media drive without closing the project, and try to reconnect media files one element at a time, you will find the offending clip or media file. It may also be that if you can get the project open, w/ offline media, just the act of batch reconnecting could expel the issue.

One way to quickly check for media corruption might be to just create a clean blank project and impirt all the media.  If it all imports fine, then you'll know it's some clip corruption in the offending project.