(Most common) signature folding patterns

Here is another simplier breakdown of a 16-page sig:

Source: https://www.chinabestprinting.com/blog/post/print-signatures

Take total page count of document, divide by 16. If you end up with fractional sigs, you will need to run an 8 and/or 4 page sig. For example, if a 64 page document, that would be four 16-page sigs; if a 68 page document, that would be four 16-page sigs and one 4 page sig. (Covers are usually printed separately as 4-page sigs.) Larger sigs are generally less expensive that smaller sigs, depending on the press of course.

Here is how the page numbering is affected...

Perfect Bound: the signatures are just run sequentially, with the page numbers increasing incrementing. For example: 1-16, 17-32, etc.

Saddle-Stitch: Page number is broken down as follows: each spread should add up to the total page count plus 1, but the last 8 pages from each sig starts from the back. For example, the first sig would be 1-8, 64-57; the second sig would be 9-16, 56-49, and so on. Note that in a 64-page document, pages 64 and 1 are together (=65), 2 and 63 (=65), etc. 

@James Gifford—NitroPress, @Dave Creamer of IDEAS

Pretty much - anything you have / know / can share. 

Just to know more. 

Not sure what you're asking. Is this for booklet? brochure? cut-down? What's your end goal, that is?

What bindery method? 

If saddle-stitch, the signature page count would matter (4, 8, 16, 32) and over all project page count would matter.

If perfect bound, the signature page count would matter.