Lightroom, now called Lightroom Classic, does not store images in the catalog. Most likely the photos were lost on the damaged drive, unless you had a backup of that drive. The catalog you saved to a thumbdrive does not have the photos, but it may have preview images. Here's some documentation that explains how to export the previews from the catalog. Previews are not the original raw files. https://helpx.adobe.com/lightroom-classic/kb/extract-previews-for-lost-images-lightroom.html
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