Recreating Doctor Strange's "Seeing the future" moment in Avengers: Infinity War

If you are using a still image you will need to separate the image into layers, arrange the layers in the After Effects comp world, make them 3D if you need realistic parallax shifts, learn about particle systems, fractal noise, keyframes, masking, blend modes and probably a bunch of other techniques. We would be better equipped to provide some useful help if we knew how much experience you have with After Effects and what 3rd party plugins you have or are willing to purchase. I could probably reproduce the glowing energy field and floating actor using Trapcode Particular, Fractal Noise, some track mattes, a background layer, a couple of layers for fractal noise, a layer or two for Particular, and a layer for the actor. There are a half dozen other plugins, some free like Video Copilot's Saber, that could also be used to generate something similar. 

Let us know what you have to work with and how much you understand about layering, masking, and compositing and we can probably point you in the right direction.

While the other replies are correct, if you only have a lazy afternoon, check out the echo effect. And try out the Echo Operator settings.  It's much more basic, but might get you started

This is easily the work of a team of five people for several days. You need to match the real scene with 3D tracking and rotomation of a mesh dummy, create the animation of the rings, simulate the smoke and particles, compose it all together, including the fast-forward time smear effect. All doable, but really, you have to know the techniques and steps. This is nothing you would slap together on a lazy afternoon. If you use a still, some of it could be faked in a simplified manner using masks, glows, fractal noise and all that, but it will still take time and patience to get it looking right.

Mylenium

this effect required a lot of technique and skills from using particles plugin to masking and tracking and color correction... so if you are interesting in doing a hight level CG effects try to watch Videocopilot tutorial you will find a lot of helpful tutorial https://www.videocopilot.net/tutorials/